Which of the following best describes what 'constipation' can lead to if untreated?

Constipation, if left untreated, can lead to a variety of complications and symptoms. Painful bowel movements are a direct consequence of constipation. When stool remains in the colon for an extended period, it becomes harder and drier, making it difficult to pass. This can result in straining and discomfort during bowel movements, leading to a vicious cycle where the fear of pain further discourages bowel movements.

Over time, prolonged constipation can also potentially lead to other issues such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and even fecal impaction, which can cause severe pain and require medical intervention. Therefore, recognizing and treating constipation promptly is essential to prevent complications like painful bowel movements.

While other options may have their own associations with gastrointestinal issues, they do not directly result from constipation in the way that painful bowel movements do. Individuals experiencing constipation primarily contend with the discomfort associated with attempting to pass hard stools, which underscores the importance of addressing this condition early.