What medical condition is characterized by paralysis in the legs and lower trunk?

Paraplegia is characterized by paralysis affecting the legs and lower trunk. This condition typically arises due to injury or damage to the spinal cord, particularly in the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions. In cases of paraplegia, the individual retains full use of their upper body but loses mobility and sensation in their lower limbs.

The underlying cause is often related to trauma, such as a car accident or a fall, or may arise from diseases affecting the spinal cord, like multiple sclerosis or certain tumors. The distinction of which part of the body is affected is critical in understanding the impact of the condition on an individual's mobility and independence.

In contrast, hemiplegia affects one side of the body, quadraplegia involves paralysis of all four limbs, and monoplegia is limited to one limb. Understanding these differences helps clarify the specific implications of each condition in terms of rehabilitation and care needs.