What is the purpose of intubation?

Intubation is primarily performed to insert an artificial airway into the trachea. This procedure is crucial in situations where a patient may be unable to maintain an open airway on their own due to trauma, illness, or during surgical procedures that require general anesthesia. By securing the airway with an endotracheal tube, healthcare providers ensure that the patient has a clear passage for ventilation and the delivery of oxygen directly into the lungs.

The artificial airway created through intubation not only facilitates adequate ventilation but also protects the airway from obstructions and aspiration of foreign materials. It is a critical intervention in emergency settings, intensive care, and during certain surgical procedures, providing a means to manage the patient’s respiratory function effectively.

In contrast, administering anesthesia is a separate process that can occur before or during intubation, and monitoring heart rate is related to assessing the patient’s overall condition rather than directly related to airway management. Providing oxygen via facial mask, while also important for respiratory support, does not provide the same level of airway protection or direct access to the trachea as intubation does.