What is a risk factor for pressure injury development?

Immobility is a significant risk factor for the development of pressure injuries. When a person is unable to move or shift their position regularly, pressure is exerted on specific areas of the body, particularly over bony prominences such as heels, sacrum, and elbows. This pressure can impede blood flow to the affected tissues, leading to ischemia and eventually skin breakdown if not addressed.

In contrast, a high protein diet, an active exercise regimen, and good hydration are generally protective factors in promoting skin integrity and overall health. A sufficient protein intake helps maintain muscle mass and skin health, regular exercise improves circulation and skin perfusion, and good hydration supports tissue turgor and elasticity. Thus, while these factors can help mitigate the risk of pressure injuries, immobility unequivocally increases the likelihood of their development.