How is dementia best defined?

Dementia is best defined as the loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain because it encompasses a range of symptoms that interfere with daily living and the ability to perform everyday activities. Cognitive functions affected by dementia include memory, reasoning, and communication skills, which are essential for navigating social environments and personal relationships. The underlying brain changes often involve neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and others, leading to a gradual decline in these functions over time.

This definition is more comprehensive than merely linking dementia to physical health, which may contribute to cognitive decline but is not the sole factor. Additionally, dementia is not accurately described as a temporary condition; the cognitive impairments associated with it are typically chronic and progressive. Lastly, while emotional responses can be affected by dementia, it is not primarily categorized as a psychological disorder, since its root causes are primarily physiological and neurological changes in the brain. Therefore, defining dementia through the lens of cognitive and social function loss reflects its complex nature and the significant impact it has on individuals and their interactions with others.